Oil burner



Sept. 27,1927.

T. B. ALLARDICE OIL BURNER Filed Nov". 27, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1ATTORNEY.

1,643 436 Sept 27 1927- T. B. ALLARDICE OIL BURNER Filed Nov. 27, 1926 3Sheets-Sheet 2 x I l, 3J '1177111111111 [NVEN TOR.

Sept 27, 1927. 1,643,436

T. B. ALLARDICE OIL BURNER Filed NOV. 27. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Patented Sept. 27,' 1927.

' UNITED STATES THQMAS B. .ALLARDYICE F EOUNTAIN LAKES, NEW JERSEY.

on. Bt'mNEn.

Application led November 27, 1926. Serial No. 151,121.

This invention relates to an oil burner, of the' rotary type, and hasfor its obJect to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth, aburner of such class including meansv for greatly facilitating thevaporizing of the oil by the introduction of preheated atomized air,whereby the efiiciency of the burner 'is materially increased at asubstantial saving, of fuel consumption.

1o v1urthcr objects of the invention are to provide, in an oil burnerofthe class referred to, newand novel means for the supply or introductionof air and oil and for the pre-heating of the air to greatly fac1l1-tate the vaporizing of the oil.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in an -oil burner ofthe class referred to, new and novel means for the supply orintroduction of air and oil and for 2o the pre-heating of the air tofacilitate the vaporizing of the oil and further to provide for theadmixing with a combustible mixture, of oil and air, on the discharge ofsuch mixture, of pre-heated air to facilitate combustion. v

Further objects of the invention are to provide, in a manner ashereinafter set forth, an oil burner of the revolving type, which issimple in its construction and arrangement, formed of few parts, readilyassembled and disassembled, strong, durable, compact, thoroughlyeiiicient in its use and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the Vinvention consists ofthe novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts ashereinafter more specifically described, and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein is shown an embodiment of the invention,but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modificationscan be resorted to which fall within the scope of the claims hereuntoappended.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters denote correspondingparts throughout the several views:

Figure 1 is atop plan view' of an oil burner, of the rotary type inaccordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a section on line 2-2 Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3 3 Figure 2.

Figure tis a section on line 4--4 Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5 5 Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of burner inaccordance with this invention.

Figures 7 and 8 are vertical sectional l views of other modified forms.

Referring to the drawings in detail 1 denotes an annular open top base,provided with supporting legs 2,' detachably connected with the base 1by set screws 3. The base 1 is formed with sockets 4 for the receptionof the legs 2. The base 1 centrally of its bottom is formed with anopening 5 and with an upst-anding tapered. collar 6 having its innerface, at its lower end, forming a continuation of the wall of theopening 5. The opening 5 and collar 6 provide a clearance for thepassage of a drive shaft 7, the latter being vertically disposed, and isoperated from a motor 8, which is arranged below the base 1. It is to beunderstood that the base 1 can be supported in any suitable` mannerother than that as shown.

Both forms of the burner, as illustrated, have as a part thereof,- anouter shell and an inner shell, referred to respectively and enerally bythe reference characters 9 an 10. The shell 9 is cylindrical in contour,that is to say in vertical section, and the shell 10 flaring in contour,that is to say in vertical section. The shell 9 at its top is formedwith a continuous inwardly extending annular flange 11 of arcuatecontour. The shell 9 surrounds and is spaced from, a Haring sleeve 15which at its upper end merges into the flange 11. The lower end of thesleeve 15 is provided with an inwardly extending upturned annular iange16 which is curvilinear in cross section and forms a preheated lairdeflector. The inner side of the sleeve 15. below and in proximity toits point of joinder with the iange 11, at dia-v metrically opposedpoints thereof, is formed with a ledge 17. The ledges 17 'provide a pairof seats for a purpose to be presently referred to. The fiange 11, atdiametrically opposed points and at the top thereof, is formed with avertically disposed, inverted U-shaped offset portion 18 having asquared edge 19. At the point of joinder of the sleeve 15 with theflange 1 1, at diametrically opposed points, openings 20 are formed. Theoffset portions 18 form continuations of the openings 20. The offsetportions 18 are cut away to provide` seats 21. Mounted on the seats 21is a closure strip 22 which is disposed diametrically with respect tothe shell 9 and sleeve 1.5 and is arranged at the top of the shell 9.

Arranged within the sleeve 15, as well as being spaced therefrom, and ofless height than the height of said sleeve, is a vertically disposed,hollow bell-shaped member 23 which is open at its top and at its bottom,and has its top formed with a pair of oppositely disposed channel-shapedsuspension arms 24, 25, which are mounted` on the` seats formed by theridges 17. The arms 24, 25, are closed by the strip 22, and the latterin connection with the arms 25 provide an air heating chamber 26 havingan inlet for each end thereof provided by an opening 20. The outlet ofthe chamber 26 is formed by the open to of the member 23, and isindicated at 27. he diameter of the lower end of the member 23 is lessthan the diameter of the flange 16 and the lower end of the member 23 isspaced from said flange 16 and o poses the top edge of the latter. Themem er 23 forms a pre-heated air receiving chamber 28 which graduallyincreases in d1ameter from its inlet to its discharge end.

The shell 10 is interposed between the shell 9 and sleeve 15 and isarranged in spaced relation relative to said shell 9 and sleeve 15. lTheflare of the shell 10 is less than the flare of the sleeve 15. The shelll() is Iof greater height than the shell 9 and sleeve 15, but the topedge of the shell 10 is positioned below the upper end of the sleeve 15.The shell 10 depends a substantial distance below the lower end of thesleeve 15. i. The shell `10 is provided intermediate its ends with aright angularly dis osed,

annular flange 12, which forms a she f for an insulation body 13 and thelatter is formed with an opening `14 through which extends the shell 9.The shelf 12 supports the shell 9. The shelf or flange 12 is providedwith spaced inlet openin 29 ositioned between the shell 9 and t e she l10, and said openings 29 are provided for suppl of air to an airreceiving chamber 30 whic is formed by the shell 10 in connection withthe shell 9. The openings-20 form outlets for the upper portionV of thechamber '30.

The shell 10 in connection with the sleeve 15,

i 4provides a pre-heating air chamber 31, which lili gradually increasesin width from its upper to its lower end and at its upper endcommunicates with the upper portion of the chamber 30. The lower endofthe shell 10 is provided with an inwardly extending, upturned flange 32,of curvilinear cross section, and which is of greater width than theflange 16 and the diameter of the flange 32 at its free edge is lessthan the diameter of the flange 16 at its free edge. The flange 32 issaced` a substantial distance below, the

ange 16 and provides a combined oil trap and deflector. The shell 10 atits bottom 1s formed with a depending annular rib 33 and a pocket 34,and extended into the pocket 34, and surrounded by the rib 33 is theupper end of the base l. The trap formed by the which vflange 32 isarranged within the top of the base.

The bottom of the lbase 1 is formed with a discharge opening 35 for thevoverflow of oil from the flange 32 or from any other source and adjacentsaid opening, the base 1 is furthermore formed with a vertically disosedsemicircular flange 36 of materially ess hei ht than the height of thebase and orms a retarder. Connected to the base 1, and surrounding andspaced from the flange 36 and of greater height than said flange, aswell as extending over said flange 3 6 and secured to the side of thebase 1, is a protector 37 provided with openings 38 for the passage ofthe oil overflowto the discharge opening 35, which communicates with aninteriorly threaded nipple 39.

`With reference to Figures` 1 and 2, the

on the shoulder 42 and having said terminal f portion 40 extendingtherethrough is a circular disk 43 which provides an oil baille. Seatedon thedisk 43, as well as of greater diameter than said disk, andfurther having said terminal portion 40 extend throu h the bottomthereof, is a cup-shaped impel er 44 1 having its inner face formed withradially disposed vanes 45, which gradually increase in width from theirinner ends towards the upper edge of the impeller 44. The vanes 45 havetheir inner or'lower ends spaced a substantialdistance from the axis ofthe impeller 44.

Threadably engaging with the terminal l portion 40, is a hollow taperedoil distributing head 46, which is open at its upper end, as at 47, andprovided near its base with a circumferentially extending series ofspaced jet openings which are radially disposed with respect to the axisof the head. The pointed end 41, of the terminal ortion 40 extends intoclose proximity to t e opening 47. The impeller 44 has the upper portionthereof opposite tht` edge of the flange 16,but is spaced therefrom toform an inlet for the assage of pre-heated air from the chamer 31 foradmixing with a mixture of oil and'airto be presently referred to. Theadmixing of the pre-heated air with the mixture of oil and air providesfor satisfactory combustion during the operation of' the burner. Thebaille 43, impeller 44, and head 46 bodily rotate through the action ofthe drive sha 7. The top edge of the impeller 44 is positioned inalinement with the bottom tion 52 extends down Ythrough the chamber 28and into the open upper end of the dis-A v ltributor head 46. Aretaining means, indicated at 55 associates with the section 51 formaintaining it stationary, v

' The oil enters through the line 49 and is discharged into the head 46,where due to centrifugal force it is broken and distributed to theimpeller 44. Ai'r enters through Vthe. inlets 29 and a portion thereofflows into chamber 26 where it is heated and the air also Hows into the4chamber 31 where it l is heated. The heated air passes through chamber26, into chamber 28, and then into the impeller, which acting upon theoil will facilitate the vaporizing thereof. The impeller 44, in vie-W ofthe vanes 45, sets up a slight vacuum in chamber 28. The mixed air andoil is discharged from the'impeller 44, at the edge thereof inconnection with the edge of` the member 23 and mixes with.

the pre-heated air from the chamber 31 which passes between the Harige16 and the v1in eller thereby facilitating combustion.

efenrin to Figure 6, the oil supply line.

is indicate generally by the reference character 56 and is arrange inthe same manner as the air supply line 49, with this exception 'that thesection 57 bf the line 56, which corresponds to the section 52 of theline 59.I is of less height than said section 52. The

i drive shaft shown in Figure 2 is of less height than the drive shaftshown in Figure 6, and the drive shaft shown in Figure 6 extends up intothe chamber 28 formed by the member 23. The drive shaft shown inlseats-the head 60.

posed -jet openings 62 for the discharge of the oil therefrom. Mountedon the drive shaft is an impeller 62 having a centrall disposedhorizontal rtion 63 against whic Ighe im ller 62 has its remainingportion extend ownwardl and outwardly, as indicated at 64 and sai porlneaaeae and fan 66 bodily revolve together on the operation of the driveshaft.

The distributing head, in both forms, provides for the oil to be carriedin a thin ilm throughout the upper face of the imy ller and whichassists in the va oriz'ing of `t e oil and when the re-heated air fromthe chamber 28 is supplled or conducted to the impeller, it admlxes withthe thin film of oil yand facilitiates the vaporizing thereof,4 andowing to the manner of setting up a second air pre-heating chamber, sothat such pre-heated air can be discharged or taken up by the mixture ofoil and air, unusuallyT satisfactory combustion; is provided for.

The modified form shown in Figure 7 is similar in construction to theform shown in Figures 1 and 2, with this exception that the bell shapedchamber 23, openings 2O and 26 are dispensed with, and that the Haring.I

sleeve 69, which corresponds to the sleeve 15 is formed with a. singleopening 70, of a diameter to snugly engage the section 51 of the oil suply line 49. n

In the orm shown in Figures 7 and 8, the air pre-heating bell andassembly, as shown in connection with Figure 1, are dispensed with, andthe sleeve 67 or 69, provides an uninterrupted mixing chamber.

Although, as shown, the flare of the shell `10 is less than the flare ofthe sleeve 15, or 67 or 69, it is to be understood that the shell 10 canbe perpendicular if desired.

The construction described,l provides a very satisfactory 'oil burnerofthe rotary type and operates in a'manner to obtain a saving in fuelconsumption, andl although -the preferred embodiments of the severalstructural elements of the device are as illustrated and described, yetit is to be understood that changes in the details of construction ofsuch elements can be had, which will fall within the scope of theinvention as claimed.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising an air receiving chamber, a pair of airpre-heating chambers communicating with said air receiving chamber, oneof said air pre-heating chambers arranged within the other and ofbellshaped contour, a rotary impeller for vaporizing oil arranged belowand in closeproximity to the lower end of said' bell-shaped chamber, a'distributor head rotating with said impeller and provided with ports fordistributing oil in jet like form upon the impleller, said impellerreceiving pre-heated air om said bell-shaped chamber to facilitate thevaporfzing of the oil, and means to provide for the passage ofpre-heated air from the other of said air heating chambers to yadmixwith the oil vapor and air on the 4 discharge of the same from theimpeller for combustion.

2. An oil burner constructed in accordance with claim 1, an oil supplyline extending through said air pre-heating chambers and opening intothe upper end of said distributor head.

3. An oil burner constructed in accordance with claim 1, means forcarrying off the overflow of oil and arranged below the said chambersand impeller.

4. An oil lburner comprising an air receiving chamber, a pair of airpre-heating chambers, one surrounded by the other, the inner of saidchambers being of bell-shaped contour, said air receiving chambersurroundin the outer air pre-heating chamber, a revolu le impeller forvaporizing oil, said impeller arranged below and in proximity to thebottom of said bell-shaped chamber and provided with ports fordistributing oil in jet like form to said impeller, a stationary oilsupply line extending through said air pre-heating chambers `anddischarging into the upper end of said distributor, and means to providefor the passage of pre-heated air from the outer of said air pre-heatingchambers to admix with the oil vapor and air discharge from saidimpeller for combustion.

5. An oil burner comprising a horizontally disposed cup shaped rotaryimpeller for vaporizing oil and provided with radial vanes on lits upperface,isaid means having the inner ends thereof spaced from the axis ofthe impeller and gradually increasing in width from their inner towardstheir outer ends,l

meanscarried b the impeller, rotating therewith, and disposed axiallythereof for distributing oil in jets upon the upper face of theimpeller, and means for supplying preheated air to the vapor whendischarged l from the impeller for combustion.

6. An oil burner comprising a horizontally disposed rotary impeller `forvaporizing oil and provided with radial vanes on its upper face, saidmeans extending from a polnt remote from the axis of the impeller to theouter edge thereof and gradually increasing in width from their innertowards their outer ends, means 'carried by the impeller axiallythereof, rotating therewith land providingA for discharging oil in jetsupon the upper face of the impeller, means for preheating air, means forconducting preheated air to the upper face of the impeller, and meansproviding for the passage of preheated air to admix with the vaporizedoil when discharged from the impeller for combustion.

. 7. An oil burner comprising an inner and outer chamber for heating airand communicating with eachother at the top thereof, an air receivingchamber opening into said outerchamber at the top thereof. ahorizontally disposed rotary impeller for vaporizing oil disposed at thelower end of the inner chamber and taking heated air therefrom, meanscarried by the impeller axially thereof, rotating therewith anddistributing oil in jets thereon, and means to provide for conductingheated air from the outer of said chambers to admix with the oil va orand air when discharged from the impe er.

8. An oil burner constructed in accordance with claim 7, having anl oilsupply line extending through said air receiving and inner air heatingchambers and o ening into the upper portion of said distri uting meansfor discharging oil therein.

9. An oil burner comprising a horizontall disposed rotary impeller forvaporizingoi an air heating means, a mixingchamber surrounded by saidheating means,'said impeller arranged at the lower portion of said imixing chamber, an oil distributor head ysecured to said impeller,.bodily rotated therewith and discharging oil in jet like form upon theimpeller, said distributor head closed at its bottom, an oil feed lineextending through said mixing chamber into the upper end of thedistributor head and discharging oil therein, and means to provide forthe passage of heated air from said air heating means to admix with thevaporized oil when discharged from said impeller.

l0. An oil burner comprising an outer air entrance chamber, a pluralityof inner air heating chambers arranged one within the other, andsurrounded by said air entrance chamber, the outer chamber for heatingair depending below the air entrance Vand inner lli.)

air heating chambers, the walls of the said i tally disposed rotaryimpeller for vaporizing oil and having its upper face formed withradially disposed vanes, means for distributing oil in `iet like formthroughout upon the impeller, an outer air entrance chamber, in ner airpreheating chambers arranged one within the other, surrounded by andcommunicating at their tops with the top of the air entrance chamber,the walls of said chambers Iforming baies arranged 'relatively to eachother to provide for the air following a distinct direction towards saidimpeller to admix -with the vaporized oil.

12. An oil burner comprising a horizontally disposed rotar impeller forvaporizing oil, means for supp ying oil to said impeller, an airentrance chamber, an. air-preheating chamber surrounded by said entrancechamber and opening 4at its top into the top of the latter, a mixingchamber surroundedby said preheating chamber and having said impellerarranged therein at the lower portion thereof, said preheating chamberdependin V below said entrance and mixing cham ers, said mixing chamberhaving its lower end open, and the wall of the mixing chamber having itslower end provided with means ositioned above the bottom of saidpreheating chamber for directin preheated air from the latter into the'mixing chamber at the v edge lof the impeller.

to the. lower end of said inner c 3.`An oil burner comprising an airreceiving chamber, an inner and an outer air preheating chambersurrounding each other and communicating with said air receiving chambersaid outer air preheating chamber surrounded bysaid air receivingchamber, said inner chamber open at its lower end, a rotary impellerpositionedin close lproximity amber, a distributor head rotating withsaid impeller and provided with ports for distributing oil inv et likeform uponthe impeller, said impelier receiving reheated air from saidinner chamber to acilitate the vaporizing of the oil, and means toprovide forthe passage of preheated air from the other of said pre'-heating chambers to admix with Vthe oil ,and air on the dischargeof thersame from the impeller for combustion.

14. An .oil burner comprising an air receiving chamber, anouter and an,inner air preheating chamber communicating with said air receivingchamber, a mixin'g'chamber, said air receiving chamber surrounding theouter air preheatmg chamber,- said mixing chamber surrounding the innerair preheating chamber, a rotary impeller for vaporizing oil arrangedbelow said inner air preheating chamber and within the lower end of themixing chamber, a distributor 'head rotating with said impeller andprovided with ports for distributin form upon the impe11er,sai impellerreceiving air from said inner chamber to facilitate'v the vaporizing of`the oil, and means to prop vide -for the passage of preheated' air fromthel outer air receiving chamber. to admix with the oil and vapor on'the dischar e of the same from the impeller into'the mixing chamber forcombustion. e

In testimony whereof, I afx my signature hereto.

THOMAS B. ALLARDICE.

oil in jet like

